Pages

Sunday, December 10, 2017

OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS FOR HUMANITY

THE FIRST NOBEL PRIZES AWARDED

Stockholm, Sweden (JFK+50) 116 years ago today, December 10, 1901,  the first Nobel Prizes were awarded.   The prizes are funded from the estate of the Swedish chemist and inventor, Alfred B. Nobel.*

Nobel Prizes are awarded annually in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology and medicine, literature, international peace and economics.  The Royal Academy of Science awards the prizes for physics and chemistry while The Caroline Institute gives the award for medicine. 

The Swedish Academy of Literature awards the prize of literature and the international peace prize is given in Oslo, Norway.  The countries represented with the highest number of Nobel Prizes include the United States, Germany, Great Britain, France, Sweden Switzerland, Italy, and The Netherlands.

The first round of Nobel Prizes were awarded as follows:

Physics Wilhelm K. Roentgen, x rays

Chemistry Jacobus Henricus Van't Hoff, thermodynamics 

Medicine  Emit von Behring, diptheria antitoxin

Literature  Rene Sully-Prudhomme, poetry

Peace:  Jean Henri Dunant, Red Cross 
               Frederic Passy, Peace Society



*Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-1896) was born in Stockholm and was educated in St. Petersburg, Russia and studied engineering in the U.S.

Nobel was the inventor of dynamite and as such became one of the world's wealthiest men.  Never in good health, he felt guilty that so many died as a result of his invention.


Americans who were recipients of the Nobel Peace Prize include...

Theodore Roosevelt, Elihu Root, Woodrow Wilson, Frank Kellogg
Jane Addams, Nicholas M. Butler. Cordell Hull, John R. Mott
Emily G. Balch, Ralph J. Bunche, George C. Marshall, Linus Pauling
Martin Luther King, Jr.,Norman Borlaug, Henry Kissinger, Elie Wiesel
Albert Gore, Jr., Jimmy Carter & Barack Obama