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Wednesday, July 2, 2014

50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT

LBJ SIGNED CIVIL RIGHTS ACT 50 YEARS AGO TODAY

Washington, D.C. (JFK+50) In 1960, Senator John F. Kennedy made passage of a new civil rights bill a key component of his campaign for the Presidency.

President Kennedy appointed Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson to the chairmanship of the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity.

Fifty years ago today, July 2, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

The act prohibits discrimination based on race in both education and employment.  It also outlaws racial segregation in schools and public transportation.*

LBJ used 75 pens to sign the bill, giving away the pens as souvenirs of the historic occasion.




LBJ Signs Civil Rights Act of 1964
Photo by Cecil Stoughton
LBJ Presidential Library Image


GARFIELD SHOT IN BACK

Washington, D.C. (JFK+50) 133 years ago this morning, July 2, 1881, President James A. Garfield was shot as he walked through the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station here in the nation's capital.

The shooter, Charles J. Guiteau, fired two shots from a British Bulldog revolver.  

The President, accompanied by his two sons and Secretary of State James G. Blaine, was hit once in the shoulder and once in the back.

Guiteau, who had a cab waiting outside, was captured by police officer Patrick Kearney. As he was taken into custody, Guiteau reportedly said...

"I am a Stalwart of the Stalwarts! Arthur is president now!"*

*Garfield had political ties to the conservative wing of the Republican Party.  One of the motives for the assassination was that Garfield had refused to give Guiteau a government position.

President Garfield was taken to the White House where his condition worsened over the rest of the summer. His weight dropped from 200 to 135.

On September 6, 1881, the President was taken to the seashore at Elberon, New Jersey where he died on September 19.  He was 49 years old.

 Chester A. Arthur became President. The assassin, Guiteau, was found guilty and hanged in June 1882.

If the Stalwarts hoped that one of their own as president would oppose civil service reform as they did, they were to be bitterly disappointed.  President Arthur signed into law the Civil Service reform bill.




President Garfield Is Shot
by A. Berghaus and C. Upham
Frank Leslie's Illustrated
July 16, 1881


ERNEST HEMINGWAY DIED 53 YEARS AGO TODAY 

Ketchum, Idaho (JFK+50) American Pulitzer Prize winning author Ernest Hemingway was found dead at his home 53 years ago this morning, July 2, 1961, here in Ketchum.

Hemingway won the Pulitzer Prize for his most outstanding novel, The Old Man and the Sea, in 1952.

During the 1920s, Hemingway was the member of a group of expatriate American writers living in Paris.  It was there that he wrote The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell To Arms.

Hemingway was found in the foyer of his home at 7:30 a.m. local time by his wife.  A double-barreled shotgun was lying by is side.

JFK HONORS HEMINGWAY

Washington, D.C. (JFK+50) After receiving word of the death of American writer Ernest Hemingway 53 years ago today, July 2, 1961, President John F. Kennedy issued a statement saying that Ernest Hemingway....

"almost single-handedly transferred the literature and ways of thought of men and women in every country in the world."



Ernest Hemingway
JFK Library Photo

JFK MEETS POPE PAUL VI AT THE VATICAN

Rome, Italy (JFK+50) John F. Kennedy, the first Catholic President of the United States, met the new Pope, Paul VI, 53 years ago today at the Vatican.

The meeting took place just two weeks after the new Pope took over as head of the Catholic Church.

The Pope spoke to the President about the contributions of the United States to world peace and space exploration.

Only two other Presidents in the past had met with the Pope.  They were Woodrow Wilson and Dwight D. Eisenhower.




JFK Visits Pope Paul VI